Machine Learning Algorithms

Machine Learning

ML Types
1] Supervised ML
2] Unsupervised ML
3] Reinforcement ML


List of Machine Learning Algorithm
a] Regression Algorithm
  1. Linear Regression
  2. Polynomial Regression
  3. Poisson Regression
  4. Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) Regression
  5. Ordinal Regression/Ranking Learning
  6. Support Vector Regression
  7. Gradient Descent Regression
  8. Stepwise Regression
  9. Ridge Regression (L2)
  10. Elastic Net Regression
  11. Bayesian Linear Regression
  12. Least-Angled Regression (LARS)
  13. Neural Network Regression
  14. Locally Estimated Scatterplot Smoothing (LOESS)
  15. Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS)
  16. Locally Weighted Regression (LWL)
  17. Quantile Regression
  18. Principal Component Regression (PCR)
  19. Partial Least Squares Regression
  20. Lasso Regression (Least absoulute selection and shrinkage
    operator)





b] Classification Algorithm
  1. Decision Tree
  2. Decision Stump
  3. Naive Bayes
  4. Gaussian Naive Bayes
  5. Bernoulli Naive Bayes
  6. Multinomial Naive Byes
  7. K Nearest Neighbours(KNN)
  8. Support Vector Machine(SVM)
  9. Linear Support Vector Classifier(SVC)
  10. NuSVC
  11. Stochastic Gradient Decent [SGD]Classifier
  12. Bayesian Network
  13. Logistic Regression
  14. Zero Rule(ZeroR)
  15. One Rule [OneR]
  16. Linear Discriminant Analysis [LDA]
  17. Quadratic Discriminant Analysis [QDA]
  18. Fisher’s Linear Discriminant

c] Clustering Algorithm
  1. K-Means Clustring
  2. K- Median Clustring
  3. Mean Shift Clustring
  4. K-Modes Clustring
  5. Fuzzy K-Modes
  6. Fuzzy C-Modes
  7. Mini batch K-Means Clustring
  8. Hierarchical Clustring
  9. Expectation Maximization
  10. DBSCAN
  11. Minimum Spanning Trees
  12. Quality Threashold
  13. Gaussian Mixture Model(GMM)
  14. Spectral Clustering

d] Neural Network
  1. Perceptron
  2. Multilayer Perceptron(MLP)
  3. Recurrent Neural Network(RNN)
  4. Convolution Neural Network(CNN)
  5. Deep Belief Network(DBN)
  6. Hopfield Networks
  7. Learning Vector Quantization(LVQ)
  8. Stacked Autoencoder
  9. Boltzmann Machine
  10. Restricted Boltzmann Machine(RBM)
  11. Generative Adversarial Network(GANs)












 

Difference between Matplotllib and Seaborn Libraries of Python

Difference between matplotllib and seaborn:-
1. Functionality:
Matplotlib: Matplotlib is mainly deployed for basic plotting.
Visualization using Matplotlib generally consists of bars, pies, lines, scatter plot.
Seaborn: Seaborn will provide a variety of visualization patterns.
It will use less syntax and has easily interesting default themes.
It is used if one has to summarize data in visualizations and also show the distribution in the data.
2. Handling Multiple Figures:
Matplotlib: Matplotlib has multiple figures and can be opened but need to be closed explicitly.
plt.close() only closes the current figure. plt.close('all') would close all.
Seaborn: The Seaborn automates the creation of multiple figures.
This leads to OOM (out of memory) issues.
3. Visualization:
Matplotlib: Matplotlib is a graphics package for data visualization of Python.
It is well integrated with NumPy and also Pandas.
The pyplot module mirrors the MATLAB plotting command very closely.
Thus MATLAB users can easily transit to plotting with Python.
Seaborn: Seaborn is more integrated for working with Pandas a data frame.
It will extend the Matplotlib library for creating beautiful graphics with Python.
4. Data frames and Arrays
Matplotlib: Matplotlib will works with data frames and arrays.
It has stateful APIs for plotting the figures and aces.
They are represented by the object and therefore plot () like calls without parameters suffices and without having to manage parameters.
Seaborn: Seaborn will work with the dataset as a whole and is much intuitive than Matplotlib.
For Seaborn the replot() is the entry API with parameter to specify the type of plot which could be line, bar, or many of other types.
Seaborn is not stateful and plot() would require passing the object.
5. Flexibility:
Matplotlib: Matplotlib is customizable and powerful.
Seaborn: Seaborn will avoid a ton of boilerplate by providing default theme which are commonly used.
6. Use Cases:
Matplotlib: Pandas will use Matplotlib.
It is also neat wrapper around Matplotlib.
Seaborn: Seaborn is used for more specific use cases and also it is Matplotlib under the hood.
Also it is specially meant for statistical plotting.

##########################################################################


PLOTTING TIP

For categorical variables utilize Bar Charts* and Boxplots.
For continuous variables utilize Histograms, Scatterplots, Line graphs, and Boxplots.

Post No 55 Advances Java MCQ

Advance Java MCQ 


Q . _______ generates action events when an item is double-clicked, generate action events when an item is selected or deselected.

a.       List
b.      Check box
c.       Menu item
d.      Text box
Ans b

Q. A label is a simple control which is used to display_____________ on the window:

a.      Text(non-editable)
b.      Text(editable)
c.      Both a & b
d.      None of these
Ans a.

 Q_____________ is a superclass of TextField and TextArea classes that is used to create single-line or multiline textfields respectively:

a.       TextBox
b.      CheckBox
c.       TextComponent
d.      Choice
Ans c

Q.  What is the default Layout Manager for the Window and Window subclasses (Frame,Dialog)?
      a) BorderLayout()     b) FlowLayout     c) GridLayout()    d) CardLayout()
Ans 


Q.  What is the default Layout Manager for the the Panel and the Applet classes?
    a) BorderLayout()     b) FlowLayout     c) GridLayout()    d) CardLayout()
Ans 

Q.  Swing uses for running GUI application?
a)Applet b)JApplet and Applet  c)JApplet d) None of these.
Ans c

Q. The AWT classes can be roughly categorized into the following groups:
a.       GUI Components
b.      Layouts
c.       Graphics Tools
d.      Event Handlers
e.       All of these
Ans e

Q. Arranges the components horizontally

a.       BorderLayout
b.      CardLayout
c.       GridLayout
d.      FlowLayout
Ans a

Q. Arranges the componemnts into grid
a.       BorderLayout
b.      CardLayout
c.       GridLayout
d.      FlowLayout
Ans c

Q. Which of the following classes are derived from the Component class.
    A. Container
    B. Window
    C. List
    D. MenuItem 
Ans a


Q. The constructor which the Text Event class defines.
a.       TextEvent(Object source, int event_type)
b.      textevent (Object source, int event_type)
c.       textevent (object Source, float event_type)
d.      textevent (Object source, string event_type)
Ans a

Q. Which of these events generated when a button is pressed
 a) ActionEvent  b) WindowEvent c) ItemEvent d) KeyEvent
Ans a

Q. The text field and text area controls create a _________________ area respectively
                       a) Single-line text        b) Multi-line text
                       c) Both a & b              d) None of these
Ans c


Q.  A label is a simple control which is used to display_____________ on the window:
a) Text(non-editable)     b) Text(editable)    c) Both a & b        d) None of these
Ans a

Q. 21 Which package is imported for swing components
a) java.awt.*;
b) java.util.*;
c) javax.swing.*;
d) javax.awt.swing.*;

Ans c


Q. Which are passive controls that do not support any interaction with the user?

    A. Choice
    B. List
    C. Labels
    D. Checkbox
    
Ans c

Q. By which method You can set or change the text in a Label?

    A. setText()
    B. getText()
    C. Both A & B
    D. None of the above
 
Ans a
   
    Q.  In Graphics class Which method is used to set the graphics current color to the specified color?
a) public abstract void setFont(Font font)
b) public abstract void setColor(Color c)
c) public abstract void drawString(String str, int x, int y)
d) None of the above
Ans b

Q.  These four methods commonly used in?
1)public void add(Component c)
2)public void setSize(intwidth,int height)
3)public void setLayout(LayoutManager m)
4)public void setVisible(boolean)

a) Graphics class  
b) Component class
c) Both A & B
d) None of the above

Ans a

Q.  The classes and interfaces defined in AWT are contained within the ______ package.
a) java.awt.*;               b) java.sql.*;              c) java.io.*;       d) java.int*;
Ans a

Q.  A checkbox is a control that consists of a
a) Combination of a small box
b) A label
c) Combination of a large box and a label
d) Both a & b
Ans d


Q.  Swing components that don’t rely on Native GUI are referred to as __________
 a) Ligthweight component           b) Heavy weight component
 c) GUI component                         d) Non GUI component
Ans a

Q.  What layout manager should You use so that every component occupies the same size in
the container?
a) Flow Layout      b) Grid Layout         c) Border Layout               d) any Layout
Ans 

Q.  A GUI _
a) Uses buttons, menus, and icons               b) should be easy for a user to manipulate
c) Stands for Graphic Use Interaction        d) Both (a) and (b)
Ans d


Q. The various controls supported by AWT are:
a) Labels, push buttons                               b) Checkboxes, choice list   
c) Scroll bars, text fields, text area           d) All of these
Ans d


Q. Name the class used to represent a GUI application window, which is optionally resizable and can have a title bar, an icon, and menus.

    A. Window
    B. Panel
    C. Dialog
    D. Frame 


Q. The Swing Component classes that are used in Encapsulates a mutually exclusive set of buttons?

    A. AbstractButton
    B. ButtonGroup
    C. JButton
    D. ImageIcon 
Ans c

 Positions the components into five regions: east, west, north, south, center
a) BorderLayout       b) CardLayout            c) GridLayout             d) FlowLayout
Ans a

 Q.  Arranges the components as a deck of cards such that only one component is visible at a time  
     a)  BorderLayout        b)   CardLayoutc)    GridLayout       d)   FlowLayo
Ans c

     Q. __________ arranges the components horizontally.
         a) BorderLayout          b) CardLayout        c) GridLayout          d) FlowLayout
Ans d

       
 Q. Which of these events generated when a button is pressed
 a) ActionEvent  b) WindowEvent c) ItemEvent d) KeyEvent
Ans:  a











Post No. 54 Computer Networking

Note Answer key at Bottom of the page.
Question:1
Number of bits per symbol used in Baudot code is
a. 7
b. 5
c. 8
d. 9

Question 2:
What is the main difference between DDCMP and SDLC?
a. DDCMP does not need special hardware to final the beginning of a message
b. DDCMP has a message header
c. SDLC has a IP address
d. SDLC does not use CRC

Question 3:
An example of digital, rather than analog, communication is
a. DDD
b. DDS
c. WATS
d. DDT

Question 4:
Terminals are required for 
a. real-time, batch processing & time-sharing
b. real time, time-sharing & distributed message processing
c. real time, distributed processing & manager inquiry
d. real-time,  time sharing & message switching

Question 5:
The receive equilizer reduces delay distortions using a
a. tapped delay lines
b. gearshift
c. descrambler
d. difference engine

Question 6:
Ina synchronous modem, the receive equilizer is known as
a. adaptive equilizer
b. impariment equilizer
c. statistical equilizer
d. compromise equilizer 

Question 7:
The channel in the data communication model can be
a. postal mail services
b. telephone lines
c. radio lines
d. any of the above

Question 8:
A data terminal serves as an
a. Effector
b. sensor
c. both a and b
d. neither a nor b

Question 9:
Which of the following transmission systems provide the highest data rate to in individual device?
a. computer bus
b. telephone lines
c. voice and mode
d. lease lines

Question 10:
A protocol is a set of rules governing a time sequence of events that must take place
a. between peers
b. between an interface
c. between modems
d. across an interface

Answers

1. b
2. a
3. b
4. d
5. a
6. a
7. d
8. c
9. a
10. a

Post No.53 Computer Networking


 

Question 1:In OSI network architecture, the dialogue control and token management are responsibility of
a. session layer
b. network layer
c. transport layer
d. data link layer
e. none of above


1.Answer : (a) Explaination: #
Question 2: In OSI network architecture, the routing is performed by
a. network layer
b. data link layer
c. transport layer
d. session layer
e. none of above


2.Answer : (a) Explaination: #

Question 3: Which of the following performs modulation and demodulation?
a. fiber optics
b. satellite
c. coaxial cable
d. modem
e. none of the above

3.Answer : (d) Explaination: #

Question 4: The process of converting analog signals into digital signals so they can be processed by a receiving computer is referred to as:
a. modulation
b. demodulation
c. synchronizing
d. digitising

4.Answer : (d) Explaination: #

Question 5: How many OSI layers are covered in the X.25 standard?
a. Two
b. Three
c. Seven
d. Six
e. None of above

5.Answer : (b) Explaination: #

Question 6:Layer one of the OSI model is
a. physical layer
b. link layer
c. transport layer
d. network layer
e. none of above

6.Answer : (a) Explaination: #

Question 7:The x.25 standard specifies a
a. technique for start-stop data
b. technique for dial access
c. DTE/DCE interface
d. data bit rate
e. none of above

7.Answer : (c) Explaination: #

Question 8: Which of the following communication modes support two-way traffic but in only one direction at a time?
a. simplex
b. half duplex
c. three-quarters duplex
d. all of the above
e. none of the above

8.Answer : (b) Explaination: #

Question 9: Which of the following might be used by a company to satisfy its growing communications needs?
a. front end processor
b. multiplexer
c. controller
d. concentrator
e. all of the above

9.Answer : (e)
Explaination: #
Question 10: What is the number of separate protocol layers at the serial interface gateway specified by the X.25 standard?
a. 4
b. 2
c. 6
d. 3
e. none of the above

10.Answer : (d) Explaination: #